Reference list of oral medications that must be administered whole due to formulation, safety, or absorption concerns.
| Generic Name | Brand Name | Dosage Form | Reason(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acamprosate | Campral (brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Acetaminophen | Tylenol Arthritis Pain Extended-Release (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Acoramidis | Attruby | Tablet | Other |
| Adagrasib | Krazati (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Alendronate | Fosamax | Tablet | Irritant |
| Alfuzosin | Uroxatral (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Alprazolam | Xanax XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Ambrisentan | Letairis (US) | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Amoxicillin/Clavulanate | Augmentin XR (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Aprepitant | Emend (US) | Capsule | Special Technology |
| Asciminib | Scemblix | Tablet | Other |
| Aspirin | Ecotrin | Tablet | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Aspirin/Dipyridamole | Aggrenox (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Atogepant | Qulipta | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Atomoxetine | Strattera | Capsule | Irritant |
| Avacopan | Tavneos | Capsule | Special Technology |
| Avapritinib | Ayvakit | Tablet | Other |
| Belumosudil | Rezurock | Tablet | Other |
| Benzonatate | Tessalon Perles (US) | Capsule | Other |
| Bexagliflozin | Brenzavvy (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Bisacodyl | Dulcolax | Tablet | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Bosutinib | Bosulif | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Brivaracetam | Briviact (US) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Budesonide | Entocort EC (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Budesonide | Uceris (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Buprenorphine | Belbuca (US) | Film | Sublingual/Buccal |
| Bupropion | Aplenzin (US), Forfivo XL (US), Wellbutrin SR (US), Wellbutrin XL, Zyban | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Cabozantinib | Cabometyx, Cometriq (US) | Capsule, | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Capivasertib | Truqap | Tablet | Other |
| Capmatinib | Tabrecta | Tablet | Other |
| Carbamazepine | Carbatrol (US), Equetro (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Carbamazepine | Tegretol XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Carvedilol | Coreg CR (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Cefuroxime | Ceftin (brand discontinued) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Ciprofloxacin | Cipro (US; brand discontinued in | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Ciprofloxacin | Cipro XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Clarithromycin | Biaxin XL | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Clonidine | Kapvay (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Colestipol | Colestid | Tablet | Other |
| Cyclobenzaprine | Amrix (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Cyclophosphamide | Cytoxan (US | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Dabigatran | Pradaxa | Capsule | Other |
| Dalfampridine | Ampyra (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Darifenacin | Enablex | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Dasatinib | Sprycel | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Deferasirox | Exjade | Tablet | Other |
| Desvenlafaxine | Pristiq | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Dexlansoprazole | Dexilant | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Dexmethylphenidate | Focalin XR (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Dextroamphetamine | Dexedrine Spansule | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Dextroamphetamine/Amphet amine | Adderall XR | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Diclofenac | Voltaren (brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Diclofenac | Voltaren XR (US), Voltaren SR | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Diclofenac/Misoprostol | Arthrotec | Tablet | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Diflunisal | Dolobid (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Irritant |
| Diltiazem | Cardizem CD (US), Cardizem LA (US), Cartia XT (US), Tiazac | Tablet, Capsule | Modified-release |
| Dimethyl Fumarate | Tecfidera | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Disopyramide | Norpace CR (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Divalproex | Depakote (US), Depakote ER | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Divalproex | Depakote Sprinkle (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Docusate Sodium | Colace | Capsule | Bad Taste |
| Donepezil | Aricept (23 mg strength only [US]) | Tablet | Other |
| Doxazosin | Cardura XL (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Doxycycline | Doryx (US) | Capsule, Tablet | Modified-release |
| Drospirenone/Estetrol | Nextstellis | Tablet | Other |
| Duloxetine | Cymbalta | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Dutasteride | Avodart, Jalyn | Capsule | Hazardous/TeratogenicIrritant |
| Elacestrant | Orserdu | Tablet | Other |
| Elbasvir/Grazoprevir | Zepatier (US) | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaft | Trikafta | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Ensartinib | Ensacove (US) | Capsule | Other |
| Enzalutamide | Xtandi | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Ergotamine | Ergomar (US) | Tablet | Sublingual/Buccal |
| Erythromycin delayed-release | Ery-Tab (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Erythromycin ethylsuccinate | E.E.S. (US) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Esomeprazole | Nexium | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Esomeprazole/Naproxen | Vimovo (brand discontinued in US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Eszopiclone | Lunesta (US) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Etravirine | Intelence | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Everolimus | Afinitor, Zortress (US) | Tablet | Special TechnologyHazardous/Teratogenic |
| Felodipine | Plendil (brand discontinued in US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Fenofibrate | TriCor (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Ferrous Sulfate | Feosol | Tablet | Irritant |
| Fesoterodine | Toviaz | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Fexofenadine/Pseudoephedrine | Allegra-D | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Fezolinetant | Veozah | Tablet | Other |
| Finasteride | Propecia, Proscar | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Fluoxetine | Prozac Weekly (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Fluvastatin | Lescol XL (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Fluvoxamine | Luvox CR (US; brand | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Futibatinib | Lytgobi (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Gabapentin | Gralise (US), Horizant (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Galantamine | Razadyne ER (US), Zunveyl (US) | Capsule, Tablet | Modified-release |
| Gepirone | Exxua (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir | Mavyret | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Glipizide | Glucotrol XL (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Guaifenesin | Mucinex (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Guaifenesin/Dextromethorphan | Mucinex DM (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Guaifenesin/Pseudoephedrine | Mucinex D (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Guanfacine | Intuniv (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Hydroxyurea | Droxia (US), Hydrea, Siklos (US) | Capsule, Tablet | — |
| Ibandronate | Boniva (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Irritant |
| Ibuprofen | Advil, Motrin | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Imatinib | Gleevec | Tablet | IrritantHazardous/Teratogenic |
| Inavolisib | Itovebi (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Indomethacin | Indocin SR (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Iptacopan | Fabhalta | Capsule | Other |
| Isavuconazonium Sulfate | Cresemba | Capsule | Other |
| Isosorbide Mononitrate | Imdur (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Isotretinoin | Absorica (US), Amnesteem (US), Claravis (US) | Capsule | IrritantHazardous/Teratogenic |
| Itraconazole | Sporanox | Capsule | Special Technology |
| Ivacaftor | Kalydeco | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Ivosidenib | Tibsovo | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Lamotrigine | Lamictal XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Lansoprazole | Prevacid | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Lansoprazole | Prevacid SoluTab (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Lazertinib | Lazcluze | Tablet | Other |
| Lenacapavir | Sunlenca | Tablet | Other |
| Lenalidomide | Revlimid | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Lenvatinib | Lenvima | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Levetiracetam | Keppra | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Levetiracetam | Keppra XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Levodopa/Carbidopa | Sinemet CR | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Levomilnacipran | Fetzima | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Lithium Carbonate | Lithobid (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Lopinavir/Ritonavir | Kaletra | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Loratadine/Pseudoephedrine | Claritin-D (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Lovastatin | Altoprev (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Lubiprostone | Amitiza | Capsule | Other |
| Lumacaftor/Ivacaftor | Orkambi | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Mavorixafor | Xolremdi | Capsule | Other |
| Memantine | Namenda XR (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Mesalamine | Apriso (US), Asacol HD (US), | Tablet, | Modified-release |
| Metformin | Fortamet (US), Glucophage XR (US), Glumetza | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Methylphenidate | Aptensio XR (US), Metadate CD (US), | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Methylphenidate | Concerta, Cotempla XR-ODT | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Metoprolol Succinate | Toprol-XL (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Miltefosine | Impavido | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Minocycline | Emrosi (US), Solodyn (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule, Tablet | Modified-release |
| Mirabegron | Myrbetriq | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Momelotinib | Ojjaara | Tablet | Other |
| Morphine Sulfate | Avinza (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Morphine Sulfate | MS Contin | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Mycophenolate | CellCept | Capsule, Tablet | Hazardous/TeratogenicIrritant |
| Mycophenolic Acid | Myfortic | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Naproxen | EC Naprosyn (US), Naprelan | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Nevirapine | Viramune XR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Niacin | Niaspan (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Nicotine | Nicorette (US) | Lozenge | Sublingual/Buccal |
| Nifedipine | Adalat CC (US), Procardia XL (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Nilotinib | Tasigna, Danziten (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir | Paxlovid | Tablet | Other |
| Nirogacestat | Ogsiveo (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Nisoldipine | Sular (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Nitroglycerin | Nitrostat | Tablet | Sublingual/Buccal |
| Olaparib | Lynparza | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Omaveloxolone | Skyclarys | Capsule | Other |
| Omeprazole | Prilosec (US) | Capsule, | Modified-release |
| Opicapone | Ongentys (US) | Capsule | Other |
| Orphenadrine | Norflex ER (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Oxybutynin | Ditropan XL (US; brand | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Oxycodone | OxyContin (US), OxyNEO | Capsule, | Modified-release |
| Oxymorphone | Opana ER (US; brand | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Paliperidone | Invega | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Pancreatic Enzymes | Creon | Capsule | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Pantoprazole | Protonix (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Paroxetine | Paxil CR | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Pazopanib | Votrient | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Pentoxifylline | Trental (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Piroxicam | Feldene (US) | Capsule | Irritant |
| Pirtobrutinib | Jaypirca (US) | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Pomalidomide | Pomalyst | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Posaconazole | Noxafil (US) | Tablet | Special TechnologyModified-release |
| Potassium Chloride | K-Dur (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Potassium Chloride | Klor-Con (US), K-tab (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Potassium Chloride | Micro-K (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Pralsetinib | Gavreto | Capsule | Other |
| Praziquantel | Biltricide (brand discontinued in US) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Propafenone | Rythmol SR (US; brand discontinued) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Propranolol | Inderal LA (US), InnoPran XL (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Pseudoephedrine | Sudafed 12 Hour (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Pseudoephedrine/Desloratadi ne | Clarinex D (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Pseudoephedrine/Fexofenadi ne | Allegra D | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Pyridostigmine | Mestinon Timespan (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Quetiapine | Seroquel XR | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Quizartinib | Vanflyta | Tablet | Other |
| Rabeprazole | Aciphex (US), Aciphex Sprinkle | Capsule, | Modified-release |
| Raloxifene | Evista | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Ranolazine | Ranexa (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Regorafenib | Stivarga | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Repotrectinib | Augtyro (US) | Capsule | Other |
| Ripretinib | Qinlock | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Risedronate | Actonel | Tablet | Irritant |
| Risedronate | Atelvia (US), Actonel DR | Tablet | Modified-releaseIrritant |
| Risperidone | Risperdal M-Tab (US; brand | Tablet | Sublingual/Buccal |
| Ritlecitinib | Litfulo | Capsule | Other |
| Ritonavir | Norvir | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Ropinirole | Requip XL (US; brand | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Selumetinib | Koselugo | Capsule | Special Technology |
| Sirolimus | Rapamune | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Solifenacin | Vesicare | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Sotagliflozin | Inpefa | Tablet | Other |
| Sulfasalazine | Azulfidine EN-Tabs (US), | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Suvorexant | Belsomra (US) | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Suzetrigine | Journavx (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Tacrolimus | Astagraf XL (US), Prograf | Capsule | Special Technology |
| Tamsulosin | Flomax (US), Flomax CR | Capsule, | Modified-release |
| Tapentadol | Nucynta ER | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Temozolomide | Temodar (US) | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor | Symdeko | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Theophylline | Theo-24 (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Theophylline | Uniphyl (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Tipranavir | Aptivus | Capsule | Bad Taste |
| Tolterodine | Detrol LA | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Topiramate | Qudexy XR (US), Trokendi XR (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Topiramate | Topamax | Capsule, | Bad Taste |
| Tramadol | ConZip (US), Ultram ER (US) | Capsule, Tablet | Modified-release |
| Trazodone | Desyrel (brand discontinued) | Tablet | Bad Taste |
| Tucatinib | Tukysa | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Vadadustat | Vafseo (US) | Tablet | Other |
| Valganciclovir | Valcyte | Tablet | Irritant |
| Valproic Acid | Depakene (brand discontinued) | Capsule | Irritant |
| Vandetanib | Caprelsa | Tablet | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Vemurafenib | Zelboraf | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Venetoclax | Venclexta | Tablet | Special Technology |
| Venlafaxine | Effexor XR | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Verapamil | Isoptin SR (brand discontinued in US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Verapamil | Verelan (US), Verelan PM (US) | Capsule | Modified-release |
| Vimseltinib | Romvimza (US) | Capsule | Other |
| Vismodegib | Erivedge | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Voclosporin | Lupkynis | Capsule | Other |
| Vorasidenib | Voranigo | Tablet | Other |
| Vorinostat | Zolinza | Capsule | Hazardous/Teratogenic |
| Zileuton | Zyflo CR (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Zolpidem | Ambien CR (US) | Tablet | Modified-release |
| Zolpidem | Edluar (US), Intermezzo (US; brand discontinued) | Tablet | Sublingual/Buccal |